The Interaction Between Cognitive Dissonance and Marx's False Consciousness in Capitalism
There is a concept in psychology called "cognitive dissonance", which refers to the discomfort people feel when their beliefs or views conflict with each other. To resolve this discomfort, individuals adjust their thoughts or actions to align with one view, reducing the inconsistency.
Now, consider the issue of "inequality" in capitalism. Capitalism promises prosperity and success, yet it often results in high levels of inequality. The system thrives on inequality, where those with wealth, privilege, and connections are more likely to succeed.
We are taught in schools and colleges that "equality" is necessary for prosperity, and that there should be equal opportunity for everyone, regardless of financial background. However, in a capitalist system, those with better financial resources, background, and networks are usually ahead in the race.
If you understand ''cognitive dissonance'', you can see how this inequality created by capitalism should generate a conflict in people's minds. The reality that capitalism presents—where success is tied to inequality—conflicts with the values we've been taught, such as equality and fairness. So, how do so many people reconcile this dissonance?
This is where "Marx's concept of false consciousness "comes in.
"False consciousness", in Marxist theory, describes a condition in capitalism where people in lower social or economic classes fail to recognize their true interests. Instead, they adopt beliefs or values that support the capitalist system, often due to ideological manipulation by the ruling class. Through the education system, mass media, and advertisements, we are taught that capitalism is the best system, and that there is no viable alternative.
This is how people reconcile the conflicting views about reality under capitalism and the values we've been taught. They come to believe that capitalism is the best system and that success is attainable for everyone through merit—while ignoring or downplaying the systemic inequalities that make it harder for many to succeed.
Capitalism sells the dream of upward mobility based on merit, while concealing the reality that the system itself is designed to maintain inequality, keeping the majority from achieving true prosperity
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